The misunderstandings and misinformation regarding the Greek VAN method of detecting and interpreting Seismic Electric Signals, posted in _sci.geo.earthquake_ messages recently, are disappointing. Though I do sympathize with people who are having difficulty with this complex phenomenon.
Briefly, P. Varotsos, K. Alexopoulos, and K. Nomicos (VAN) have pioneered methods of detecting, recording, and interpreting signals from the earth that precede earthquakes. These electromagnetic signals are apparently generated through piezoelectric processes, induced by tectonic stress.
Problems in understanding the VAN work arise from several factors:1) Current orthodox explanations for generation of the signals are inadequate;
2) factors of the transmission of the signals are quite complex; and,
3) a simple mechanistic view of the process as a reliable method of earthquake prediction is unlikely.
Hazen, Robert M., "Perovskites," Scientific American, v258, n6, June 1988, pp.74-81.
- "Natural superconducting ceramic minerals, ...common in the earth." The answer to the signals in Charlotte's Syndrome? See p76, columns 2 and 3.
Margulis, M.A. & Grundel, L.M., "Chemical Effect of Low-Frequency Acoustic Vibrations," Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 265(4):914-917, Aug. 1982. (Physical Chemistry Section) Original article submitted March 9, 1982. Republished Feb. 1983 by Plenum Publishing Corp., NY, p597. (QD1.A35953-3)
- Significant chemical reactions may occur in liquids exposed to these frequencies (7-200 Hz cavitation). Similar to ultrasound.
Lazarus, David, "Note on a possible origin for seismic electric signals," Tectonophysics (Special Issue), v224, n1/3, pp.265-267 1993. (Also see Electromagnetic Heresy, Fryer.)
Li, Yong-Gang, et al., "Fine Structure of the Landers Fault Zone: Segmentation and the Rupture Process," Science, v265, pp367-370, 15 July 1994.
- "The fault is marked by a zone 100 to 200 meters wide where shear velocity is reduced by 30 to 50 percent...forms a seismic waveguide that extends..."
Fryer, Bob (R.W.), "Electromagnetic Heresy: Gallimore on Earthquakes and Super-conductivity," Geo-Monitor (Newsletter), v3, n4, April 1993, pp62-63.
- Jerry G. Gallimore (1940?-1988), said that precursory signals were due, in part, to superconductivity in the rock. Describes Gallimore's claim of room temperature superconductivity (1975), by using a bimetallic conductor. See perovskites, infrasonics, Charlotte King, earth signals, James Clerk Maxwell. See Hazen (1988), Laguës (Dec. 1993), Whittaker (1903, 1904).
Hayakawa, M. and Y. Fujinawa (Eds.), Electromagnetic Phenomena Related to Earthquake Prediction, Tokyo: Terra Scientific Publishing Co., 1994. 677 pp. (Proceedings of International Workshop, 6-8 September 1993, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan.)
Park, Stephen K., Malcolm J.S. Johnston, Theodore R. Madden, F. Dale Morgan and H. Frank Morrison, "Electromagnetic precursors to earthquakes in the ULF band; a review of observations and mechanisms," Reviews of Geophysics, v31, n2, pp117-132, 1993, University of California, Riverside IGPP Report 93-01.
- (Reviews presentations from Lake Arrowhead Workshop, June 1992.)
Varotsos, P. and O. Kulhanek, (eds.) "Measurements and Theoretical Models of the EarthÕs Electric Field Variations Related to Earthquakes," Proceedings of the International Conference held in Athens, Greece, on February 6-8, 1990; Tectonophysics (Special Issue), v224, n1/3, 1993.
Parrot, M. and M.J.S. Johnston (Eds.), "Seismoelectromagnetic Effects," Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, (Special Issue), v57, pp.1-177, 1989, 20 articles.
When the Snakes Awake, Animals and Earthquake Prediction, Helmut Tributsch. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1982.
Keywords: Earth, Science, Animals, prediction, Dilatancy, Earthquake, behavior, EM, radon. 82-7148 (Pub. Germany 1978.) 0-262-20044-9 QL785.3T7413
Kirschvink, J.L., et al., "Magnetite biomineralization in the human brain," Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., USA, v89, August 1992, pp7683-7687. Biophysics.
- Crystals of the magnetite - maghemite family were found to be widely distributed in the human brain. The tiny clusters resemble those found in birds, fish, and bacteria. This discovery forces a reconsideration of the classical position of denial regarding possible effects of low frequency EM and magnetic field interactions with the human brain. (It also provides a mechanism for many "psychic" phenomena, including "Charlotte's Syndrome," (hypersensitivity to EM and magnetic fields.) (The kidneys and adrenals should also be examined.)